If you and your partner have been trying to conceive without success, it may be time to consider fertility tests. Typically, it is advisable to consult a doctor if you have been having regular, unprotected sex for 12 months (if you’re under 35) or 6 months (if you’re over 35) without becoming pregnant.
When you visit your doctor for fertility testing, both you and your partner should attend the appointment. Your doctor will likely begin by asking about your medical history, lifestyle factors, and sexual habits. This information helps them understand any potential underlying issues that could be affecting your fertility.
Common Questions Your Doctor May Ask!
- Medical history, including any chronic conditions or surgeries
- Medications you are currently taking
- Lifestyle habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption, caffeine intake, or illicit drug use
- Exposure to chemicals, toxins, or radiation at home or work
- Sexual activity frequency and birth control history
- History of sexually transmitted infections
- Any difficulties experienced during sex
- Previous pregnancies or infertility treatments
Fertility Tests for Women
There is not a single test that can diagnose infertility. Instead, doctors use a combination of tests to identify potential issues affecting fertility.
Tests of Ovulation:
- Home urine tests for luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, which surge just before ovulation.
- Blood tests to measure progesterone levels, indicating ovulation has occurred.
- Basal body temperature tracking to monitor temperature changes associated with ovulation.
Tests of Reproductive Organs:
- Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) or tubogram to assess the uterus and fallopian tubes for blockages or abnormalities.
- Transvaginal ultrasound to visualize the ovaries and uterus for any structural issues.
- Hysteroscopy and laparoscopy to directly examine the uterus and pelvic organs for abnormalities or endometriosis.
Other Infertility Tests:
- Blood tests to measure follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, indicating ovarian function.
- Clomiphene citrate challenge testing to assess ovarian reserve and response to fertility medications.
- Anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) blood test to evaluate ovarian reserve.
- Postcoital testing to examine cervical mucus after intercourse (though its utility is debated).
- Endometrial biopsy, though its effectiveness in predicting or treating infertility is uncertain.
It is essential to note that not all tests may be necessary for every individual. Your doctor will recommend tests based on your specific situation and medical history. After completing fertility testing, approximately 85% of couples will have insights into potential causes of infertility.
Fertility testing is a crucial step for couples having trouble conceiving. By undergoing these tests and working closely with your doctor, you can identify any underlying issues and explore appropriate treatment options to improve your chances of conception.
